During Ramesses II's reign, the Egyptian army is estimated to have totaled about 100,000 men a formidable force that he used to strengthen Egyptian influence. Although the famous Battle of Kadesh often dominates the scholarly view of Ramesses II's military prowess and power, he nevertheless enjoyed more than a few outright victories over the enemies of Egypt. He was also responsible for suppressing some Nubian revolts and carrying out a campaign in Libya. Campaigns and battlesĮarly in his life, Ramesses II embarked on numerous campaigns to return previously held territories back from Nubian and Hittite hands and to secure Egypt's borders.
He is also known as Ozymandias in the Greek sources, from a transliteration into Greek of a part of Ramesses's throne name, Usermaatre Setepenre, "Ra's mighty truth, chosen of Ra". This city was built on the remains of the city of Avaris, the capital of the Hyksos when they took over, and was the location of the main Temple of Set. He established the city of Pi-Ramesses in the Nile Delta as his new capital and main base for his campaigns in Syria. The early part of his reign was focused on building cities, temples and monuments. On his death, he was buried in a tomb in the Valley of the Kings his body was later moved to a royal cache where it was discovered in 1881, and is now on display in the Cairo Museum. Ramesses II celebrated an unprecedented 14 sed festivals (the first held after thirty years of a pharaoh's reign, and then every three years) during his reign-more than any other pharaoh. If he became Pharaoh in 1279 BC as most Egyptologists today believe, he would have assumed the throne on BC, based on his known accession date of III Shemu day 27. He was once said to have lived to be 99 years old, but it is more likely that he died in his 90th or 91st year. He is believed to have taken the throne in his late teens and is known to have ruled Egypt from 1279 BC to 1213 BC for 66 years and 2 months, according to both Manetho and Egypt's contemporary historical records. He also led expeditions to the south, into Nubia, commemorated in inscriptions at Beit el-Wali and Gerf Hussein.Īt age fourteen, Ramesses was appointed Prince Regent by his father Seti I.
Ramesses II led several military expeditions into the Levant, re-asserting Egyptian control over Canaan. His successors and later Egyptians called him the "Great Ancestor". He is often regarded as the greatest, most celebrated, and most powerful pharaoh of the Egyptian Empire. 1303 BC – July or August 1213 BC Egyptian: *Riʻmīsisu, alternatively transcribed as Rameses /ˈræməsiːz/ and Ramses /ˈræmsiːz/ or /ˈræmziːz/), referred to as Ramesses the Great, was the third Egyptian pharaoh (reigned 1279 BC – 1213 BC) of the Nineteenth dynasty. the `Pharaoh of the Oppression' of EXODUS (his 66-year reign is the 2nd longest of any Pharaoh), LV9P-449 Husband of Meritamen Nebettawy Gussuliyawiya, Hittite Princess Nefertari Merytmut, Queen of Egypt Isetnofret., Queen of Egypt and 4 others Bintanath Maathorneferure, Queen of Egypt Hent-mi-re' and Bentresh of Hettita, 8th wife of Ramses II « lessįather of Princess Beketmut of Egypt Amun-her-khepeshef Pa-Re-her-wenemef Pareherwenemef of Egypt Nebettawy Mery-Atum Meriatum of 16th son of Ramses II, of Egypt and 17 others Meritamen Pre-hir-wonmef Usir.kha.'ure Setep.en.re' Mery.amun Mery.atum Si-Montu Merneptah, Pharaoh of Egypt Khaemweset I Userkhaure-setepenre Setnakhte, Pharaoh of Egypt Prince Sethi of Egypt Ramesses Bintanath Ist.no.fret Tak.hat Bintanath Princess Takhat of Egypt and Daughter of Ramses II « lessīrother of Hent-mi-re' and Tiye Nefertariģrd/4th King of the 19th Dynasty `the Great' poss.
Son of Seti I, Pharaoh of Egypt and Tuya, Great Royal Wife "Rameses Miamun", "Usermaatre Setepenre", "Ramses", "Ozymandias"
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